Section 57 of the Firearms Act 1968 defines a firearm as a lethal barrelled weapon capable of the discharge of any shot, bullet or other missile. Thus, in order to be classed as a firearm, an object must be a weapon, it must have a barrel through which some kind of missile is fired and the effect of the missile on the target must be lethal.
Lethality is defined as "capable of inflicting a more than trivial injury"—a trivial injury being one in which only superficial damage such as bruising occurs. In essence, if the pellet from a particular gun is capable of penetrating the skin, that gun is a firearm.
Expert advice from the Forensic Science Service is that the lowest power level at which a penetrating injury can occur is at a muzzle energy of about one foot pound, which roughly equates to 1.35 joules.
At a step up from airsoft guns are low-powered airguns. These are pistols with muzzle energies below six foot pounds but greater than one foot pound and rifles with muzzle energies between three-quarters of a foot pound and 12 foot pounds. Due to their comparatively low power, the law does not require these to be kept on a police-issued firearm certificate or otherwise licensed but, because they are capable of inflicting a penetrating wound, they are nonetheless classed as "firearms". (Appendix A)
The accepted caselaw for the muzzle energy at which lethal injury can be inflicted is Moore v Gooderam (1961) in which it was held that the threshold is one foot pound (About 1.35 joules). Thus, any weapon with a muzzle energy of less than one foot pound is not a firearm in law and does not fall under the control of the firearms legislation. Any gun with a muzzle energy of one foot pound or greater is a firearm and comes under the control of the Firearms Act 1968 (as amended).
AND THAT IS THE LAW
Lethality is defined as "capable of inflicting a more than trivial injury"—a trivial injury being one in which only superficial damage such as bruising occurs. In essence, if the pellet from a particular gun is capable of penetrating the skin, that gun is a firearm.
Expert advice from the Forensic Science Service is that the lowest power level at which a penetrating injury can occur is at a muzzle energy of about one foot pound, which roughly equates to 1.35 joules.
At a step up from airsoft guns are low-powered airguns. These are pistols with muzzle energies below six foot pounds but greater than one foot pound and rifles with muzzle energies between three-quarters of a foot pound and 12 foot pounds. Due to their comparatively low power, the law does not require these to be kept on a police-issued firearm certificate or otherwise licensed but, because they are capable of inflicting a penetrating wound, they are nonetheless classed as "firearms". (Appendix A)
The accepted caselaw for the muzzle energy at which lethal injury can be inflicted is Moore v Gooderam (1961) in which it was held that the threshold is one foot pound (About 1.35 joules). Thus, any weapon with a muzzle energy of less than one foot pound is not a firearm in law and does not fall under the control of the firearms legislation. Any gun with a muzzle energy of one foot pound or greater is a firearm and comes under the control of the Firearms Act 1968 (as amended).
AND THAT IS THE LAW