IR3 uses COPS (Crystal Operated Paint Sensor) to detect balls. It's a plastic rod sticking into the breach, and resting on a piezo electric strip in the grip frame on the other end. When a ball falls onto the rod, it puts pressure on the piezo electric strip, which sends a signal to the board to let it know a ball is in place. There are a few modes that determine what the board does after that, it can delay the cycle in time increments if there is no ball detected, delay the cycle until a ball is fully detected and variations of those two. The IR3 was designed before cheating was legal, so it won't have ramping, or the capability to ramp, unless you add an aftermarket board, so that shouldn't be a worry for you. Ramping, by the way, can mean either ROF ramping or dwell ramping, and in either case, means that after you reach a certain ROF, the board boosts, or "ramps", in the case of ROF ramping, it's ROF up to something higher than the actual number of trigger pulls being registered; and in the case of dwell ramping, ups the dwell time so the valve is opened up for a longer period of time, resulting in a higher, illegal velocity. So you can be pulling the trigger at 5 bps and shooting at 15, or chrono before the game at 285, and shoot at 325 during the game. It started out as an unrestricted cheat that people snuck through at semi-only tournaments, but since everybody who can't shoot more than 5 bps was all too ready to jump on that bandwagon, and organisers were too lazy to effectively police it, it's now a legal mode, restricted to 15 bps. Dwell ramping is still illegal, as it hasn't caught on enough yet to be chic with the cool kids who apparently determine the rules for the professional leagues.