The most often quoted reason for closed bolt being more accurate than open bolt is that in a closed bolt design, the bolt and therefore the paintball are in the forward/closed position when the air is released to fire the ball. I'm sure in a one-shot scenario (say, a non-pneumatic pump gun) then this may well be more accurate, ball on ball, for the one reason that it stands more chance of being consistent.
However, in the world of semi-automatic markers that cycle at rates of say, 20cps, the bolt is moving back and forth, jostling the paint from the bottom of the feedneck to the front of the breach at high speed. The fact that your trigger-pull may release the air at the start of the cycle (ie: closed bolt operation) or at the end of the cycle (ie: open bolt operation) doesn't make much difference to the fact that less than 1/20th of a second earlier, it was being pushed forward by the bolt.
As for which is quicker, that has nothing to do with the open/closed operation. They both need to shunt a ball from where it drops down from the feedneck, to the front of the firing chamber, and the speed at which this can happen is determined by the components that do that. All modern electronic markers are capable of cycling much faster than you can move your fingers, so I wouldn't worry about that too much